Nginx 常用配置

Nginx 是一个高性能的 HTTP 和反向代理 web 服务器，同时也提供了 IMAP/POP3/SMTP 服务

因其丰富的功能集、稳定性、示例配置文件和低系统资源的消耗受到了开发者的欢迎

本文总结了一些常用的 Nginx 配置代码，希望对大家有所帮助

侦听端口

server {
    # HTTP
    listen 80;

    # HTTPS
    listen 443 ssl;

    # HTTP2
    listen 443 ssl http2;

    # IPv6监听80端口
    listen [::]:80;

    # 只使用IPv6监听80端口
    listen [::]:80 ipv6only=on;
}

访问日志

server {
    # 日志文件
    access_log /path/to/file.log;

    # 开启/关闭 日志
    access_log on;
}

域名

server {
    # 监听指定域名
    server_name yourdomain.com;

    # 监听多个域名
    server_name yourdomain.com www.yourdomain.com;

    # 监听所有域名
    server_name *.yourdomain.com;

    # 监听所有顶级域名
    server_name yourdomain.*;

    # 监听未指定的主机名（IP地址本身）
    server_name "";
}

静态资源

server {
    listen 80;
    
    server_name yourdomain.com;
    
    location / {
        root /path/to/website;
    }
}

重定向

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name www.yourdomain.com;
    
    return 301 http://yourdomain.com$request_uri;
}

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name www.yourdomain.com;
    
    location /redirect-url {
        return 301 http://otherdomain.com;
    }
}

反向代理

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name yourdomain.com;
    
    location / {
    	# 项目启动的IP-Port
    	proxy_pass http://0.0.0.0:3000;
    }
}

负载均衡

upstream node_js {
    server 0.0.0.0:3000;
    server 0.0.0.0:4000;
    server 123.131.121.122;
}

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name yourdomain.com;
    
    location / {
        proxy_pass http://node_js;
    }
}

SSL 协议

server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    server_name yourdomain.com;
    
    ssl on;
    ssl_certificate /path/to/cert.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key /path/to/privatekey.pem;
    
    ssl_stapling on;
    ssl_stapling_verify on;
    ssl_trusted_certificate /path/to/fullchain.pem;
    
    ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
    ssl_session_timeout 1h;
    ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:50m;
    add_header Strict-Transport-Security max-age=15768000;
}

# 永久重定向 HTTP --> HTTPS
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name yourdomain.com;
    
    return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
}

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参考链接：Nginx Configurations that developers should know